There are a large number of risk factors associated with the development of periodontal disease. These risk factors do not just affect the development of the condition; they also affect the severity of the disease and how fast it spreads through the mouth. To understand the risk factors associated with this condition, you must first understand what the condition is.
What is Periodontal Disease?
There are many different forms of periodontal disease. These diseases are infections around the different parts, or structures, of the teeth. This disease can also affect other parts of the mouth, including the roots, periodontal ligaments, and alveolar bone.
Periodontal disease typically begins as a milder condition called gingivitis. During this stage, the gums become infected and inflamed. Many people notice the inflammation while brushing, but since it is only a mild irritation, they ignore it.
Symptoms of Gum Disease
If the gums are healthy, they are a pale pink color with a firm disposition. The gums should fit snugly against the teeth and hold the teeth firmly in place. Signs and symptoms of periodontal disease interfere with the natural state of the gums. The symptoms include:
- Puffy or swollen gum tissue
- Dull red, bright red, or purple hued gums
- Gums that are tender to the touch
- Gums that bleed when you brush
- Gums that are pulling away from your teeth
- Development of new spaces between teeth
- Bad breath that persists
- Teeth becoming loose
- Pain when chewing
Chronic periodontal disease - This is the most common type of periodontal disease. This form typically affects adults. It is rare for children to be affected by this type of gum disease, but it does happen. It is caused by plaque buildup around the gum line that breaks down the enamel of the teeth. Over time, the gum begins to break down. Eventually, the bone under the teeth becomes damaged, and tooth loss occurs. If teeth are affected and not removed, chronic infections can occur.
Aggressive periodontal disease - This form of gum disease begins in childhood but can start as late as early adulthood. It is a rare condition and only affects a small percentage of the population. It typically affects entire families and progresses rapidly. Usually, this form of gum disease results in tooth loss.
Narcotizing periodontal disease - this form of gum disease is more common in those who have a weak or suppressed immune system. It causes reduced blood flow that leads to tissue death. This tissue death can result in dangerous, severe infections.
Risk Factors for Periodontal Disease
Risk factors for developing periodontal disease include some controllable factors and some that are outside of your control. However, with proper maintenance and regular checkups, you can reduce your risk of developing this and other forms of gum disease. Risk factors include:
- Genetics
- Tobacco use
- Misaligned teeth
- Dental work
- Grinding and gritting teeth
- Stress
- Hormone fluctuations
- Medication
- Preexisting health conditions
- Malnutrition
Preventing Periodontal Disease
Periodontal disease is a condition that can be prevented. By following good oral hygiene practices and attending regular dental visits, you can reduce your risk or receive treatment early.
Brush and floss your teeth twice per day. Having a professional cleaning every six months will reduce the amount of hardened plaque around the gum line, and will provide a thorough cleaning in areas that are difficult to reach.
If there is a large amount of plaque buildup around the gum line, the gums can easily become inflamed. A deep cleaning can be performed by your dentist to reduce this build up and eliminate bacteria that eventually develop into gum disease.
Take time out to ensure that your teeth and gums are healthy. Schedule an appointment with your dentist or dental hygienist today to guarantee your dental health.
About the Author
Dr. Marichia Attala is a leading Nassau County Periodontist. Learn more by visiting her website at NassauCountyPeriodontist.com
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